情态动词+have+过去分词 总结

情态动词+have+过去分词 总结
情态动词+have+过去分词 总结

情态动词+have+过去分词 总结
情态动词+have+过去分词
（1）“may(might)+have+过去分词”表示对过去发生行为的推测,把握性较小.一般只用于肯定或否定句中（疑问句中用can/could）其意为“想必”、“也许”、“可能已经”等意思,其否定形式含有“可能不会”之意.如：
You might both have been caught and killed.
你们俩很有可能被抓住杀掉.
The children have arrived there by now.
孩子们现在可能已经到达那儿了
He might have not settled the problem.
他可能尚未解决这个问题.
注意：这一句型用may和might含义基本相同,常可换用,只是might所表示的可能性比may更加微弱,语气更加委婉.
（2）“must + have+过去分词”表示对过去或者已发生行为的肯定推测,只用于肯定句中,意思是“一定”、“准是”.如：
The students are playing on the playground now. They must have finished their homework.
学生们现在在操场上玩,他们准是完成了作业.
The street is wet; it must have rained. 街道是湿的,一定下雨了.
注意：若要表示否定,则用“can’t/couldn’t+ have+过去分词”,意思是“不可能”.如：
The money can’t have been lost there.
钱不可能是在那儿丢的.
The light is still on: he couldn’t have gone to sleep.
还亮着灯,他不可能睡了.
（3）“can/could + have+过去分词”表示对过去发生行为的怀疑或不肯定,只用于否定句和疑问句中.如：
There is no light in the room. Can he have gone out?
屋里没亮,他可能出去了吧?
They can’t have finished the work that soon.
他们不可能这么快就做完了.
（4）“should + have+过去分词”表示过去“该做而实际上没有做的事”,意思是“本应该”,其否定形式表示“不应该发生却发生了的行为”,意思是“本不应该”.如：
You should have handed in your composition last week.
你本应该上周交作文的.
You shouldn’t have gone to see film last night. You are to take an examination in English this afternoon.昨晚你本不该去看电影的,今天下午还要参加英语考试呢.
注意：1、“should + have+过去分词”还能表示“可能、揣测、推断”,常译成“可能已经、该已”如：
Tom has done the work for three hours, so he should have finished it already.
Tom已经工作了3个小时,他该已做完了.
2、该结构还可表示“对过去的事感到意外而产生怀疑”,常译成“竟会、竟然”.如:
There is no reason why she should have refused.
她竟然拒绝了,简直毫无道理.
It is surprising that he should have been so stupid.
他竟然蠢到如此地步,真令人吃惊.
（5）“ought to + have+过去分词”与“should + have+过去分词”同义,只是语气较强,常含有“责备”、“不赞成”的口气.如：
We ought to have given you more help.
我们本应该给你更多的帮助.
She ought to have stopped her work half way.
她不应该把工作做了一半就停下来.
（6）“needn’t + have+过去分词”表示过去“本不必做而实际上已经做了的事”.如：
We needn’t have waited him.
我们本不必等他的.
You needn’t have told him about it.
你没比要告诉他那件事.

must + have +done 对过去的完全肯定

谁发的贴啊，是情态动词+be+过去分词